About William Wordsworth:
Born in 1770 in Cockermouth, Wordsworth had a cheerful childhood which made him believe in the essential goodness of mankind. This had made him particularly fond of rural England, to which, later on, he would dedicate many tributes. He was sent to St. John’s College, Cambridge, in 1787 but inspired and impressed by the great potential and possibility of the French Revolution, he moved to France and stayed there for a couple of years.
Later in his life, Wordsworth expressed his great regret when he saw the reality behind his romantic ideals after the French had succumbed to Napoleon’s autocracy post their glorious revolution. Eventually, Wordsworth settled down at Alfoxden with his sister Dorothy Wordsworth and Coleridge. However, for the last fifty years, he stayed at Dive Cottage in Grasmere and finally at Rydal Mount. He got married in 1802 and got appointed to a sinecure office in 1813, which got him an annual income of £500. He was announced as the poet laureate in 1843. Wordsworth died in 1850 and is one of the greatest and oldest surviving Romantics.
Wordsworth’s treatment of the Sonnet and his contribution towards it:
Post Renaissance era, a passing interest in taken in Sonnet as a literary form by Wordsworth’s predecessors. But it was not until Wordsworth that the revival of this Petrarchan tradition took place. Wordsworth used Sonnet in a more free and varied way. He has composed more than five hundred sonnets, spanning several genres, ranging from ruminative, mystic, political, patriotic, ecclesiastical, descriptive, occasional to topical even. Only in those sonnets which utter his magnanimous patriotism, his dauntless patriotism for English liberty, his burning sympathy with the oppressed, and the holy glee of his hatred of tyranny are a distinct echo of the poet who first “gave the sonnet’s notes to glory.” The rest have Wordsworth’s individual color and hue, tune, and tone.
“ He is a greater master of the sonnet than Milton; the greatest one the whole England has known.” -Bailey.
Scorn Not The Sonnet Analysis:
The Sonnet is divided into two distinct parts, octane, or eight-lined stanza, and state, or six-lined stanza. The octane follows the rhyme scheme of the ABBA pattern, while the form follows the perfect rhyme scheme of the ABAB pattern. However, the last two lines end on the CC rhyme pattern. The poem is written in iambic hexameter and traces the development of the Sonnet from Renaissance to the present Modernity of Wordsworth’s times. It was first published in 1827 in Wordsworth’s Poetical Works. It is a metapoetic sonnet that is a sonnet about sonnets.
It employs several literary devices to enhance its texture
Metaphor in “Scorn not the Sonnet”:
Wordsworth employs several metaphors to convey his sentiments towards the usage of sonnets. He says, “the melody of this small lute…” the small lute here refers to the Sonnet as a form of a poem, and due to its small length, it’s called to be small.
He goes on to say, “ the thing became a trumpet,” meaning it became a call to the world to proclaim Milton’s thoughts about the world.
Hyperbole in “Scorn not the Sonnet”:
Wordsworth uses hyperbole to provide gravity to the form of a sonnet; for example,
“ A thousand times this pipe did Tasso sound.”
Hyperbole is often used by poets to express the depth of their emotions.
Summary of “Scorn not the Sonnet” by William Wordsworth:
Wordsworth sees Sonnet as an aesthetic medium for his spiritual expression. He reprimands the critics of his age who fail to see its beauty. He attempts to revive the sophistication of the Elizabethan Era, avoiding the demoralizing and pompous influence of his immediate predecessors in the Restoration and Augustan Age.
He refers to the past glory of a sonnet by referring to great poets and initiators of this form, like Petrarch. Petrarch was the earliest of Italian poets (1304-1374), and most of his sonnets deal with his unrequited passion for his beloved, Laura. From Petrarch, Wordsworth moves on to Tasso, an Italian poet who lived from 1544-1595 and was the creator of the great Sonnet called La Gerusalemme Liberata. Following Tasso is Camöens, a Portuguese poet who resorted to the comfort of a sonnet in his exiled years in China during 1556. Wordsworth also refers to Dante, the greatest of Italian poets (1265-1321), whose Divine Comedy gave a vision of the other world. He, too, composed sonnets in order to express the lighter aspects of his poetry.
In the end, the poet tells his readers how Sonnet had provided comfort to Milton in his “damp” years, referring to his blindness and carrying an association with Sonnet as an uplifter to depression of spirit.
“ Unless age is too late or cold
Climate or Years damp my intended wing
Deprest…”
- Milton ( Paradise Lost, IX, 44-46)
In the book, The Boston Miscellany of Literature and Fashion, Volume 2, Issue 2, by Nathan Hale and Henry Theodore Tuckerman, it is contended that although Sonnet is restrictive and compact by nature, it fails to convey the true emotions in order to conform to asymmetrical beauty, Wordsworth’s this particular Sonnet is perhaps “ at once the highest defense and purest eulogium upon sonnets and writers of them.” After going through a comparison of the Sonnet’s significance in the past and the symphony that it carries, the poet points out the present lack of it and how it was treated as a potent musical instrument by legends to enrich the fiber of poetry.
Like Milton, Wordsworth was drawn to the form by its capacity for prophetic, uplifted, and indignant utterance, but like Milton, he avoids the love sonnet.
Although Wordsworth has composed one, Why art thou Silent? to show his capability of composing one,
“But while for Milton, the sonnet form was too narrow for the spacious freedom of his poetic energy, to Wordsworth-
‘ ‘Twas pastime to be bound
Within Sonnet’s scanty plot of ground’.”
Thus, in such a manner, we can conclude the summary and analysis of William Wordsworth’s Scorn, not the Sonnet.
You can also check out the summary of Daffodils by Wordsworth.
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